英语写作中的标点符号常常被大家忽视,即便你文章立意新颖、内容充实、条理明确,堪称佳作,但一个小小的标点也会干扰到阅卷老师对你作文的整体印象,得不偿失。回忆一下,从小到大,大家几乎都没上过一堂专门讲标点符号、专门讲中英文标点符号差异的课程。看完下面的这篇文章,写作的标点用要点全部拿下。
容易见到标点符号的基本使用方法
1.用在句末的标点符号
句号、问号和感叹号都用在句末。
1.)陈述句与祈使句结束时加句号,要特别注意英文的句号都是一个“.而不是“。”
e.g. We have made greatadvances in the last twenty years. 感叹句后需加感叹号。
e.g. How do you dare say that!
2.放在句子当中的标点符号的使用方法
1、逗号
在句子中间,大家常常会遇见的标点符号有逗号、分号、冒号、破折号、引号。这其中,属逗号的使用方法最多,大家先来看看逗号会出目前什么句子当中。逗号表示停顿,它可以用来把下面的这类成分和句子的其他成为隔开:
1.)同位语
e.g. This is Li Ying, monitorof Class 4.
2.) 插入语
e.g. This, I think, was mainlydue to our lack of experience.
3.) 以分词短语或者复合结构表示的状语:
e.g. Bored with his work, hethought of going home early.
The day being fine, we decidedto go swimming.
这里应该注意的一点是,以粉刺短语表示的状语,在紧跟它所修饰的动词时,有时可以不需要逗号。
e.g. For the whole night shelay tossing in bed.
这句话的意思是她在床上翻来覆去一夜没睡着, tossing 是toss的目前分词形式,在这里表示“翻来覆去”的意思,与lay“躺下”直接有关,故在这里可以不用逗号。
4.)放在句首或插在其他句子中间的状语从句或者其他形式的状语。
e.g. His response, when Iquestioned him, was a shake of his head.
Your argument, in my opinion,is valid.
5.) 非限制性定语从句前,要用“,”。
e.g. That summer, she went toWuhan, where her husband worked.
6.) 一个句子中假如有三个或三个以上的平行成分,那样前面的成分可以用逗号隔开(注意不是顿号,英文中没顿号。)后面两个平行成分,可以用“and连接。
e.g. She sent me somepostcards, a few books, a pocket English dictionary and an album of pictures.
2、分号
分号表示的停顿比句号短,比逗号长,主要用来:
1.)把意思上有肯定联系的句子放在一块。
e.g. It was getting late; shemust start back for the village.
2.)连接两个等立的分句,假如其中一个(或更多)里面含有逗号。
e.g. When I started, the skywas clear, but before I had gone two kilometers, it began to rain.
3、冒号
冒号主如果在句子中间用,它主如果用在:
1.)列举的东西前面:
e.g. There are in English twoarticles: the definite article and the indefinite article.
2.)引用的句子前,尤其是当这个句子比较长的时候:
e.g. Shakespeare said:Neither a borrower nor a lender be.
3.) 一个附加的讲解性分句前:
e.g. You can't count no him tohelp: he is such a busy man.
4、破折号的使用方法
破折号主要的用处有以下这类:
1.)用在一个讲解性的分句或者句子前:
e.g. It's an environmentalissue.--That's not a small matter.
2.) 用在一个讲解性的插入语的前面和后面:
e.g. During my vocation--I musthave been insane--I decided I would ski.
3.) 用在一个引用的句子前面,代替一个冒号或与分号一块用:
e.g. Uncle Wang laughinglyanswered —No, no; stay were you are.
4.) 表示意思突然的转折:
e.g. And may I ask— said Xiao Wu; but I guess it's better for you to ask him.
5.) 表示迟疑犹豫:
e.g. I — I — I ratherthink —may be —Allen has taken it away.
e.g. New houses, largerschools, more sheep, more pigs and chickens, more horses and donkeys—everywhere we saw signs of prosperity.
5、引号
1.)引号主要表示中间包含的成分是引语:
e.g. Longfellow wrote,Life is real! Life is earnest!
2.) 也可用来加在书名、剧名这种东西的两端(英语中没书名号)
e.g. Tolstoy'sWar andPeace is a great novel!
3.) 加在一个词的两头,引起对它的注意。
e.g. What's the differencebetween differ and differentiate?
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